![]() The user can return to previous states of the filesystem, reverting changes, or do the opposite: pull all changes into clones of existing data. This allows for transparent, smart storage of multiple copies of data, without taking up a lot of space, that can work as backups or snapshots. ZFS also follows a copy-on-write approach, where instead of modifying existing data, it only saves the changes (“deltas”) between the old and new versions. You can set up RAID arrays of most types (RAID 0, 2, 5, etc.) but also use its approach of “RAIDZ.” Unlike typical RAID arrays, RAIDZ uses variable width stripes between the drives it includes, increasing its tolerance on data loss after a power failure. If you’re ever out of space, you can add new storage to this pool to expand it, letting ZFS take care of the details.īy managing the media itself, ZFS also excels in its support for RAID. Thanks to this, every storage device can be assigned to a pool that is treated as a single resource. Because of that, it doesn’t just manage files and directories but also the physical media on which they reside. ZFS differs from all alternatives in that it combines the filesystem with a volume manager. One of the (relatively) newer filesystems, “Flash-Friendly File System” is one of the best options for use with flash-based storage. In other words, it’s great if you’re setting up your own datacenter but maybe not for typical personal use. It also doesn’t scale down well for more typical day-to-day and mostly single-threaded scenarios, like when deleting a bunch of photos from your “Pictures” folder. Its support for journaling is restricted, though, compared to more modern alternatives, and it is arguably more prone to data loss. Support for delayed allocation, dynamically allocated inodes, and advanced read-ahead algorithms help it achieve excellent performance, especially on large-scale storage pools up to hundreds of TB in size. Thanks to the use of “allocation groups” – parts of the filesystem that contain their own inodes and free space – it’s possible for multiple threads to read and write data at the same time in parallel. That’s why XFS remains one of the best options for systems that are constantly reading and writing data.
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